Mirzo Ulugbek observatory was built in 1428-29 on The Hill of Kohak(Chaponota), on the banks of the Obirahmat aryub. The observatory is a huge three-story, 30.4 m high building in the form of a cylinder, in which there was a gigantkvadrant with a radius of 40.2 meters. The southern part of the quadrant was located underground, and the rest was 30 meters above ground level on the north side.

In 1964, a museum was opened next to the Observatory. In 1994, a new exposition of the museum was created. A new museum building was built on the site of the 2010 old museum building.

On the western side of the observatory there is a statue of the great scientist, famous statesman Mirzo Ulugbek, sitting on the throne, on the back of which there is a panno with the image of a “starry sky”.

The first president of the Republic of Uzbekistan I.At Karimov's initiative, Mirzo Ulugbek's 600-and 615-year-old birthday celebrations were widely celebrated internationally. Also, by the decree of the president of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 1994 was declared the “Year of Mirzo Ulugbek”.